The best treatment will be determined by the ophthalmologist after a thorough evaluation. If the palsy is congenital or does not improve after six months, eye muscle surgery may be performed to improve eye alignment and diplopia. During this time, double vision may be relieved with prism glasses or by patching one eye. Some cases may resolve on their own, and the ophthalmologist will usually wait at least 6 months for possible spontaneous improvement. Please refer to the specific FAQ sections on third, fourth, and sixth nerve palsies for specific information and recommendations (located on this website). In addition to limited eye movements, a third nerve palsy can also cause ptosis (droopy eyelid) or mydriasis (an abnormally dilated pupil). Patients with a cranial nerve palsy may adopt an abnormal head position to compensate for their strabismus and reduce diplopia. Third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerve palsies can limit eye movements and produce strabismus (misalignment of the eyes) and diplopia (double vision). Cerebellar function intact as demonstrated through. Upper and lower extremity strength and hand grasps are 5/5 (equal with full resistance bilaterally). No deficits demonstrated on Mini-Mental Status Exam. WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF A CRANIAL NERVE PALSY? Sensation intact in all extremities to light touch. Age, medical history, details about symptoms, and examination will point the physician toward the correct diagnostic tests needed to determine the cause of the palsy. It can also be due to infections, migraines, tumors, or elevated intracranial pressure. It can be congenital (present at birth), traumatic, or due to blood vessel disease (hypertension, diabetes, strokes, aneurysms, etc.). WHAT ARE SOME CAUSES OF A CRANIAL NERVE PALSY?Ī cranial nerve palsy can occur due to a variety of causes. In the case of a cranial nerve that has multiple functions (such as the oculomotor nerve), it is possible for a palsy to affect all the various functions or only some of the functions of that nerve. A cranial nerve palsy may cause a partial weakness or complete paralysis of the areas served by the affected nerve. WHAT IS A CRANIAL NERVE PALSY?Ī palsy is a lack of function of a nerve. It provides facial touch sensation (including sensation on the eye). The fifth cranial nerve is called the trigeminal nerve. They each innervate an eye muscle involved in eye movement. The fourth cranial nerve is called the trochlear nerve and the sixth cranial nerve is called the abducens nerve. It is involved with eye movement, eyelid movement, and the function of the pupil and lens inside the eye. The third cranial nerve is called the oculomotor nerve. It sends visual information from the eye to the brain. The second cranial nerve is called the optic nerve. WHICH CRANIAL NERVES PERTAIN TO THE EYES? There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves and some are involved in special senses (sight, smell, hearing, taste, feeling) while others control muscles and glands. Cranial nerves are nerves that lead directly from the brain to parts of our head, face, and trunk.
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